Natural fertilization: 7 materials that help nourish plants

Caring for plants involves more than providing the right amount of water and light. The soil also needs to supply nutrients so that roots, leaves, flowers, and fruits can develop. In this way, fertilization becomes important: helping to replenish elements that may be reduced throughout cultivation.

And you don't need to rely exclusively on industrialized products. Many materials of organic origin can be used to enrich the soil – especially when they go through appropriate processes of decomposition or preparation. Below, discover some natural options and understand how to use them.

1. Organic compost

Organic compost is one of the most complete alternatives for those seeking natural fertilization. It is produced from the controlled decomposition of organic materials, such as dry leaves, plant scraps, and fruit peels.

Faça podas e capriche na adubação (Cottonbro Studio/ Pexels/Divulgação)

In addition to providing nutrients, compost helps improve soil structure and increase the amount of organic matter. It can be incorporated into garden soil or mixed with pot substrate, according to the plant's needs.

2. Worm humus

Produced by the action of earthworms on organic matter, worm humus is rich in organic matter and can help improve soil conditions.

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It is an option widely used in pots, vegetable gardens, and gardens. It can be mixed with the substrate or applied to the surface of the soil. As with any fertilizer, the quantity should consider the size of the container and the requirements of the species.

3. Cured manure

Manure from herbivorous animals, such as cattle and horses, can be used as a source of organic matter after going through the curing process.

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Fresh material should not be placed directly on the plants, as it can be too concentrated and cause damage to the roots. When properly cured, it can help improve soil fertility and structure.

4. Coffee grounds

Coffee grounds often appear among the homemade alternatives for fertilization, but their use requires some care. Instead of spreading them in large quantities directly on the soil, it is best to incorporate them into composting.

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When composted, they can help increase the organic matter of the compost. The pure material in excess can compact the surface of the soil and should not be used as a complete fertilizer to replace other sources of nutrients.

5. Eggshell

Rich in calcium carbonate, eggshell can be used in cultivation. To do so, it must be sanitized, completely dried, and crushed until it forms a powder.

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Even so, its decomposition in the soil is relatively slow. For this reason, eggshell does not work as an immediate solution to correct nutritional deficiencies and should be understood as a complement.

6. Wood ashes

Untreated wood ashes can provide minerals such as calcium and potassium and also have an alkalizing effect on the soil. For this reason, they need to be used in moderation.

Ashes from painted, treated wood or from materials that contain other chemical products are not suitable for cultivation. In addition, species that prefer more acidic soils may not benefit from this material.

7. Plant scraps

Dry leaves, prunings, and other plant residues can gain a new function through composting. Instead of being discarded, these materials can return to the cultivation cycle and help in the formation of organic compost.

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The secret lies precisely in the decomposition process. Placing large amounts of leaves or fresh scraps directly on small pots, for example, does not amount to fertilizing and can also encourage the appearance of fungi and insects.

How to make natural fertilizer without harming the plants?

The main rule is to understand that natural does not necessarily mean harmless. The quantity and method of application make a difference, and each species has its own needs.

It is also important not to confuse fertilizing with other types of care. Yellowed leaves or slow growth, for example, do not automatically indicate a nutrient deficiency. Lack or excess of water, inadequate lighting, pests and diseases can also be behind these signs.

Comigo-ninguém-pode. (Pexels/Divulgação)

To get started, organic compost and worm humus are usually simpler options for those who want to incorporate organic matter into their care routine. Materials such as eggshells, coffee grounds, and ashes should be used in a complementary and mindful way.

Thus, in addition to nourishing the plants, natural fertilizing can help reuse organic waste and keep the soil more alive, bringing cultivation closer to a more sustainable routine.

This text was developed with the help of CASACOR Publisher, an exclusive content agent developed by the CASACOR Technology team based on the knowledge base of casacor.com.br. The generated content was subsequently edited by Yeska Coelho.